Synthesis, Physicochemical Characterization, and Metal Complexation of Novel Azo-Diketone Sulfonamide Derivatives
Noor A. Abdulrazzaq
Dr. Noor A. Abdulrazzaq, Ministry of Education, Directorate General of Education of Basrah, 61001, Basrah, Iraq.
Manuscript received on 05 September 2026 | First Revised Manuscript received on 12 September 2026 | Second Revised Manuscript received on 02 October 2026 | Manuscript Accepted on 15 October 2026 | Manuscript published on 30 October 2026 | PP: 18-28 | Volume-6 Issue-2, October 2026 | Retrieval Number: 100.1/ijac.A204007010427 | DOI: 10.54105/ijac.A2040.07010427
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© The Authors. Published by Lattice Science Publication (LSP). This is an open-access article under the CC-BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
Abstract: This study synthesised two novel azo-diketone ligands (N1 and N2) based on sulfonamides, investigated their complexation with copper(II) and nickel(II) ions, and elucidated the structural properties and coordination patterns of the resulting compounds. We prepared the ligands via a standard diazotisation and coupling protocol, and synthesised the solid metal complexes by direct coordination at a 2:1 molar ratio. We characterised the complex systems using a multi-analytical approach and assessed their biological activity. The results showed the formation of (2:1) complexes with high thermal stability. The copper complexes exhibited a planar square structure, while the nickel complexes had an octahedral structure. Bioassays showed that mineralisation significantly enhanced antioxidant and antimicrobial activity. The N2Cu complex had an IC50 of 16.8 μg/mL, close to ascorbic acid. Copper complexes also exhibited low minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values, as low as 0.5 mg/mL, against S. aureus. The N2Cu complex surpassed this, with an inhibition zone diameter of 28 mm, demonstrating high efficacy against bacteria and fungi. The results confirm the potential use of copper-sulfonamide complexes as therapeutic agents and highlight the crucial role of metal ion selection in metal drug design.
Keywords: Azo-Diketone, Sulfonamide, Copper Complex, Antioxidant, Antimicrobial.
Scope of the Article: Inorganic Chemistry